Title: WSET Level 3 / WSET Level 3 C40 - New Zealand

Front: What and where is New Zealand's nearest land mass?
Back: Australia - 1900km away
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Name: What and where is New Zealands nearest land mass?

Front: What is the overall climate of New Zealand?
Back: Maritime

Front: Describe the temperatures of New Zealand's islands
Back: South Island is coolNorth Island is warmer
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Name: Describe the temperatures of New Zealands islands

Front: The combination of ..., ... and ... allows grapes in New Zealand to...
Back: Long sunshine hours, nights cooled by sea breezes and a long ripening periodreach high levels of sugar and flavour ripeness, while retaining acidity
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Name: The combination of ..., ... and ... allows grapes in New Zea

Front: Where do the vineyards of NZ's South Island tend to be located?
Back: On the east side
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Name: Where do the vineyards of NZs South Island tend to be locat

Front: What is the climatic advantage to NZ's South Island vineyards being mostly on the east side?
Back: They are protected from rain-bearing westerly winds here, by mountains in the centre of the island
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Name: What is the climatic advantage to NZs South Island vineyard

Front: What is a potentially problematic major climatic feature on the South Island of New Zealand?
Back: High rainfall, despite the presence of the mountains to the west
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Name: What is a potentially problematic major climatic feature on

Front: Why are the vineyards well adapted to cope with the high levels of rainfall in NZ South Island?
Back: Soils here tend to be free draining and so do not experience waterlogging
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Name: Why are the vineyards well adapted to cope with the high lev

Front: Describe the poorer vineyard sites of South Island and the result on vines
Back: The land is flat and and can be overly fertile, leading to excessive shoot and leaf growth
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Name: Describe the poorer vineyard sites of South Island and the r

Front: How have New Zealanders adapted to problems of vine vigour?
Back: They have become experts in trellising and other canopy management techniques

Front: What does the New Zealand wine industry commit to as a whole? How do they set out to achieve this?
Back: Reducing the environmental impact of their vineyard management and winery practicesWith the initiative 'Sustainable Winegrowing New Zealand'
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Name: What does the New Zealand wine industry commit to as a whole

Front: What is New Zealand's flagship grape? Since when?
Back: Sauvignon BlancSince the early 1990s
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Name: What is New Zealands flagship grape? Since when?

Front: Which grape accounts for the majority of wine production in New Zealand?
Back: Sauvignon Blanc
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Name: Which grape accounts for the majority of wine production in

Front: What are the benchmark features of Sauvignon Blanc in New Zealand?
Back: Pungent aromasIntense flavours of elderflower and passion fruitHigh acidity
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Name: What are the benchmark features of Sauvignon Blanc in New Ze

Front: What are the differences between the Sauvignons of North Island and South?
Back: The north produces more tropical flavoursThe south produces more acidity and flavours of green pepper and gooseberry
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Name: What are the differences between the Sauvignons of North Isl

Front: How is NZ Sauvignon usually fermented? Why?
Back: In inert vessels at cool temperatures to retain fruity flavours and aromas

Front: What is the role of oak in making NZ Sauvignon?
Back: Some producers mature SB in oak

Front: What is NZ's second most planted white grape?
Back: Chardonnay
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Name: What is NZs second most planted white grape?

Front: What style of Chardonnay is made in New Zealand?
Back: There is a variety of styles created using different techniquesThe general style is led by concentrated citrus and tropical fruits with subtle hints of toast and sweet spice from new french oak

Front: What have been the recent grape growing explorations in New Zealand?
Back: For aromatic varieties Riesling and GewurztraminerAlso for semi-aromatic Pinot Gris
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Name: What have been the recent grape growing explorations in New

Front: Why is New Zealand well suited to aromatic varieties?
Back: Dry night-times and cool night temperatures ensure aromatic compounds have plenty of time to develop before the grapes are harvested

Front: Why style are aromatic grapes of New Zealand made into now?
Back: From dry to sweetOff-dry is the most prevalent style

Front: What is New Zealand's second most planted variety after SB?
Back: Pinot Noir
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Name: What is New Zealands second most planted variety after SB?

Front: Where in NZ is PN grown?
Back: Widely throughout the south islandIn some parts of the north island

Front: What is the overall profile of Pinot Noir in New Zealand?
Back: Fine ripe tanninsSoft textureQuite high levels of alcoholVibrant fruit

Front: What are the exceptions to Pinot Noir's main style in New Zealand?
Back: Some distinct regional styles have also emerged
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Name: What are the exceptions to Pinot Noirs main style in New Ze

Front: What is the red variety with the second greatest volume in New Zealand?
Back: Merlot
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Name: What is the red variety with the second greatest volume in N

Front: How is Merlot often used in New Zealand's wines?
Back: Blended with Cabernet Sauvignon to add tannin and notes of cassis
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Name: How is Merlot often used in New Zealands wines?

Front: Like all New Zealand wines, its Bordeaux-style blends are noted for...
Back: The purity of their fruit flavours
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Name: Like all New Zealand wines, its Bordeaux-style blends are no

Front: Where is production of NZ's Bordeaux blends mostly concentrated?
Back: In the North Island
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Name: Where is production of NZs Bordeaux blends mostly concentra

Front: Why is production of NZ's Bordeaux blends mostly concentrated in the North Island of New Zealand?
Back: The warmer temperatures here help to ripen black grapes
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Name: Why is production of NZs Bordeaux blends mostly concentrate

Front: What is another black grape which performs well in the warmer sites of New Zealand?
Back: Syrah
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Name: What is another black grape which performs well in the warme

Front: What are the Syrahs like which are produced in New Zealand?
Back: Elegant and closer in style to those made in the Rhône than those from hotter countries, such as Australia

Front: What are plantings of Syrah like in New Zealand?
Back: Small but increasing

Front: Where in New Zealand did the wine industry begin?
Back: Auckland

Front: Where is Auckland?
Back: In the north of the North Island of New Zealand

Front: What is wine production like in Auckland?
Back: There are many large wineries still there, processing grapes from all over the country

Front: What is the climate like in Auckland?
Back: It's warm and the wettest part of the country

Front: What is a viticultural issue in Auckland?
Back: Fungal diseases

Front: What are Auckland's most planted varieties?
Back: Chardonnay, Merlot and Syrah
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Name: What are Aucklands most planted varieties?

Front: Which island near Auckland has a particular reputation for top quality wines (particularly red) and where is it?
Back: Waiheke Island, immediately to the east
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Name: Which island near Auckland has a particular reputation for t

Front: Where are the vineyards of Gisborne?
Back: On the east coast in the broad estuary plain close to the town of Gisborne itself

Front: What is the climate like in Gisborne?
Back: Temperature, sunshine hours and rain are high in the growing season

Front: What is the most grown grape in Gisborne? How much is grown?
Back: ChardonnayOver half the vineyards here are Chardonnay

Front: What are the flavours of Chardonnay in Gisborne?
Back: Displays distinct, ripe tropical fruit flavours

Front: What else is made in Gisborne beside Chardonnay?
Back: A small amount of high quality GewurztraminerSome full-bodied Pinot Gris

Front: Where is Hawke's Bay?
Back: Located close to the twin towns of Hastings and NapierOn the east coast of the North Island in an estuary plain
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Name: Where is Hawkes Bay?

Front: What is the warmest of NZ's main grape growing areas? What is the main contributing factor?
Back: Hawke's BayIt has the longest sunshine hours
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Name: What is the warmest of NZs main grape growing areas? What i

Front: How does Hawke's Bay rate in terms of plantings in New Zealand?
Back: Second only to Marlborough
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Name: How does Hawkes Bay rate in terms of plantings in New Zeala

Front: Describe soils and topography of vineyards in Hawke's Bay
Back: Highly diverse in soils, aspect and altitude
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Name: Describe soils and topography of vineyards in Hawkes Bay

Front: What is the result of Hawke's Bay's diversity of terroir?
Back: A variability in wine styles
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Name: What is the result of Hawkes Bays diversity of terroir?

Front: Where is Gimblett Gravels?
Back: Hawke's Bay

Front: Describe growing conditions in Gimblett Gravels
Back: A parcel of well-drained heat absorbing gravel soil on the valley floor

Front: What is the reputation of Gimblett Gravels?
Back: A high reputation for black grapes

Front: What grapes did Gimblett Gravels build its reputation on?
Back: Merlot and Cabernet SauvignonPremium Syrah is also produced

Front: Where is Wairarapa?
Back: At the southern tip of NZ's North Island

Front: How is Wairarapa organised?
Back: It's made up of a number of small vineyards spread over a wide area

Front: What is the most important area of Wairarapa?
Back: Around the small town of Martinborough

Front: What is the reputation of Martinborough?
Back: A global reputation for Pinot Noir

Front: What is the climate of Martinborough?
Back: High summer temperatures, but wide diurnal range

Front: Describe Pinot Noir wines of Martinborough
Back: Medium to full bodiedRipe with hints of dark plum and spice

Front: What is the major centre for grape growing in New Zealand? Which grape makes up the majority of plantings here?
Back: MarlboroughSauvignon Blanc
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Name: What is the major centre for grape growing in New Zealand? W

Front: Where are most of the vineyards in Marlborough?
Back: In two adjacent estuary valleys:Wairau (by far the largest)Awatere

Front: What is the climate of Wairau Valley?
Back: Very similar to Martinborough with long sunny days

Front: Describe the geography of Wairau Valley
Back: Far from uniformNumber of valleys on the southern side of Wairau Valley

Front: What is the benefit to producers of the side valleys available in Wairau Valley?
Back: Gives producers a range of aspects and altitudes to work with
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Name: What is the benefit to producers of the side valleys availab

Front: How does the Awatere Valley compare with the Wairau Valley?
Back: It's drier, cooler and windier

Front: What is the effect of Awatere's climate on wine in relation to that of Wairau?
Back: The Sauvignon Blancs here have a higher acidity, with a pronounced herbaceous characterLack the tropical fruit character found in some Wairau examples
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Name: What is the effect of Awateres climate on wine in relation

Front: Besides SB, what else is widely planted in Marlborough?
Back: Chardonnay and Pinot Noir

Front: What are Chardonnay and Pinot Noir used for in Marlborough?
Back: Still and sparkling wines

Front: Describe Pinot Noir from Marlborough
Back: Medium-bodiedFine tanninsFlavours of cherry and cranberry

Front: How is Pinot Noir developing in Marlborough?
Back: Increasingly impressive wines are being produced from PN

Front: Which whites other than SB and Chard perform well in Marlborough?
Back: Riesling and Pinot Gris
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Name: Which whites other than SB and Chard perform well in Marlbor

Front: Where is Nelson?
Back: To the north-west of the Wairau Valley on the north coast of the South Island

Front: How does Nelson compare with Marlborough?
Back: Cooler and wetter than Marlborough

Front: Which grapes dominate in Nelson?
Back: SB, PN and Pinot Gris

Front: How many centres of production are there in Canterbury? Where are they?
Back: TwoOne in the plain immediately to the west of ChristchurchA larger one, Waipara Valley to the north
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Name: How many centres of production are there in Canterbury? Wher

Front: Describe climate in the plain area of Canterbury
Back: Particularly exposed to the cooling influence of the PacificSlight warming effect from the north-westerly winds

Front: Where in Canterbury is more affected by the warming north-westerly winds? Why?
Back: WaiparaIt's less exposed to the ocean due to a range of hills
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Name: Where in Canterbury is more affected by the warming north-we

Front: What are the most planted varieties in Canterbury?
Back: Sauvignon Blanc and Pinot Noir

Front: What grape variety is Waipara specifically noted for?
Back: Riesling

Front: Where is Central Otago?
Back: Inland in the foothills of the Southern New Zealand Alps

Front: Describe Central Otago
Back: Spread over a wide area, incorporating a number of different valleys with different aspects, soils and altitudes

Front: What is the climate in Central Otago?
Back: Continental

Front: What is the biggest climatic threat in Central Otago?
Back: Spring and autumn frosts

Front: What is diurnal range like in Central Otago?
Back: Large

Front: What is relatively unique about wines in Central Otago and what has caused this?
Back: High alcohol levels are often encountered hereCaused by high intensity of sunlight
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Name: What is relatively unique about wines in Central Otago and w

Front: What accounts for the majority of plantings in Central Otago?
Back: Pinot Noir
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Name: What accounts for the majority of plantings in Central Otago

Front: Describe Pinot Noir of Central Otago
Back: Full-bodied, juicy and vibrant with concentrated ripe red fruit flavours

Front: What are the other important varieties of Central Otago?
Back: Pinot Gris, Riesling and Chardonnay